Reparations for Blacks in America: Four Centuries of Struggle Now on the Cusp

Since being robbed from our homeland, Africans and their descendants have waged unrelenting efforts for redress. These efforts have taken many forms. Some aimed at self-repair (now called internal reparations); others sought redress from those who committed the crimes.

The first acts of reparations sought to restore our liberty and sovereignty. Individual flight from enslavers, waging […]

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5th Gordon K. & Sybil Lewis Memorial Lecture

Dr. Gordon K. Lewis and Mrs. Sybil Farrell-Lewis were distinguished members of the Institute of Caribbean Studies of the University of Puerto Rico. Dr. Lewis was its director from 1983 to 1987; and Mrs. Farrell Lewis […]

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